|
The human brain consist of large amount of parts and groups. Here are some of the most notable. The three main parts are Cerebrum, Cerebellum and Brainstem. For the Cerebrum lobes check for the game with that name. The Brainstem consist of Midbrain, Medulla oblongata and Pons. The Diencephalon consist of Thalamus, Hypothalamus and Pituitary gland. Here are all of the parts included in the game:
The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain. It is in the front part of the brain. It contains about 15 billion cells, and is the latest brain structure to have evolved. The cerebrum takes in data from sight and other sense organs. It controls consciousness and action. It plans, thinks, judges, and organises speech and information. These are the so-called 'higher mental functions'.
The cerebellum works mainly to control balance and coordinate movement. It combines signals from eyes, muscles, and ears with motor commands from the forebrain and helps to coordinate control of the body.
The brainstem is the rear part of the brain. It has two sections: the hindbrain, which includes the pons and medula, and the midbrain. Though the brainstem is small, it is extremely important. The movement and sensory connections from the main part of the brain to the rest of the body pass through the brain stem. It connects the brain with the spinal cord.
The diencephalon is a division of the forebrain. It is situated between the telencephalon and the midbrain. It consists of structures that are on either side of the third ventricle, including the thalamus, the hypothalamus, the epithalamus and the subthalamus.
The cerebral cortex is the outer layer of neural tissue of the cerebrum of the brain in humans and other mammals. It is separated into two cortices, by the longitudinal fissure that divides the cerebrum into the left and right cerebral hemispheres. The two hemispheres are joined beneath the cortex by the corpus callosum.
The lateral ventricles are the two largest cavities of the ventricular system of the human brain and contain cerebrospinal fluid. It is a clear, watery fluid that provides cushioning for the brain while also helping to circulate nutrients and remove waste. Each cerebral hemisphere contains a lateral ventricle, known as the left or right ventricle.
The corpus callosum is a wide, thick nerve tract, consisting of a flat bundle of commissural fibers, beneath the cerebral cortex in the brain. The corpus callosum is only found in placental mammals.
The thalamus is a midline symmetrical structure in the brains of vertebrates. It is between the cerebral cortex and midbrain. It relays sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex, and regulates consciousness, sleep, and alertness.
The hypothalamus is a brain part at the base of the brain. It connects the endocrine system to the nervous system. The hypothalamus controls body temperature, hunger, thirst and circadian cycles. It is the control system which regulates the pituitary gland, the 'master gland' of the body.
The pituitary gland (or hypophysis) is an important part of the endocrine system. It is at the base of the brain between the eyes. The pituitary is attached to the hypothalamus, which is also a gland. The pituitary controls a whole range of vital functions by secreting hormones.
The midbrain is a part of the brain stem. It is associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal, alertness and temperature regulation.
The medulla oblongata or simply medulla is a long stem-like structure which makes up part of the brainstem. It is anterior and partially inferior to the cerebellum. It is a cone-shaped neuronal mass responsible for involuntary functions ranging from vomiting to sneezing.
The pons is part of the brainstem, and in humans and other bipeds lies inferior to the midbrain, superior to the medulla and anterior to the cerebellum. The functions of the pons include regulation of respiration, controls involuntary actions, sensory roles in hearing, equilibrium, and taste, and in facial sensations such as touch and pain, as well as motor roles in eye movement, facial expressions, chewing, swallowing, and the secretion of saliva and tears.
The hippocampus is a major component of the brain of humans and other vertebrates. Humans and other mammals have two hippocampi, one in each side of the brain. The hippocampus is part of the limbic system, and plays important roles in the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory, and in spatial memory that enables navigation. The hippocampus is located under the cerebral cortex in the allocortex. |
