Most craters occur when smaller bodies with a few kilometers in diameter hit the surface of the planet. If the speed of the body is greater than 10 kilometers per second, it will explode, digging a hole in the ground 10 times bigger than the boti itself. The powerful impact on the bottom of the crater makes a shockwave, which force the bottom to rise as a central mountain. Here are the four main stages:
1. Falling Meteor. If the planet has atmosphere, the asteroid entering in it will burn by the friction forming a meteor.
2. The rocks ejected by the impact may go further than thousands of kilometers.
3. Center Mountain is fomed by the shockwave.
4. Dust Filling. After time the crater is filled by dust from the ejection.